The results indicate that, compared to the traditional method, the spatial modeling based on night-time lights reflects the spatial emissions trajectories in a more timely and accurate manner in rapidly urbanizing cities. Therefore, this study utilizes night-time lights to construct a spatial emissions model that enables the analysis of the evolution of emissions patterns in China. Future research should investigate how neighborhood characteristics influence perceived safety and whether these perceptions are influenced by the characteristics of the physical surrounding environment and/or past experiences of trauma.Ĭities undergoing rapid urbanization are characterized by quick successions of spatiotemporal patterns, meaning that traditional methods cannot adequately assess carbon emissions from urban residential areas, which prevents the study of spatial mismatch. Homeless individuals might experience an increase in their perceived safety after transitioning into PSH, but these perceptions might be contingent on the neighborhood environment. These findings correspond with objective neighborhood environmental differences in which more trash, malodors, and homeless people were observed on the blocks located near the center of Skid Row. Participants housed within Skid Row also reported social isolation and exposure to situations reminiscent of past traumatic events. Subsequent block-based neighborhood observations were conducted informed by these qualitative findings.Īlthough participants felt safer relative to when they were homeless, residents living within Skid Row felt less safe than those who lived at the periphery. This mixed-method study examines the perceptions of safety and security of 24 PSH residents living in the Skid Row area of Los Angeles.
This article presents a study of the perceived safety and security of formerly homeless individuals transitioned to PSH in and around Skid Row.
However, it is unclear how formerly homeless individuals’ perceptions of safety and security reflect the objective neighborhood environment in which the PSH is located. Permanent supportive housing (PSH) is an effective strategy to address chronic homelessness and improve residents’ health and well-being. Low perceived safety and security might have adverse health consequences, especially for chronically homeless individuals who are at high risk of victimization on the street. This study also reveals that areas that characterized by deprivation and high rate of unemployment, proportion of Blacks and female-headed households with young children are strongly and positively significant in producing more homeless of varying categories. This finding suggest the possibility that domestic violence as well as other gender-based variables that are not confined strictly to neighborhoods of high poverty are variables that explains the differential distribution of prior addresses of homeless women and homeless women-dominated categories from homeless men and homeless men-dominated categories. The prior addresses of these homeless categories are less tied to neighborhoods of high poverty than those of homeless men and homeless men-dominated categories including homeless individuals, homeless with ADM problem and chronic homeless. This study also shows similar pattern of the spatial distribution of prior addresses of homeless women to those of homeless women-dominated categories including homeless family, homeless without ADM problem and non-chronic homeless. The spatial distribution of the prior addresses can be a new characteristic that distinguishes between one type of the homeless and other type of the homeless. This study suggests that the various factors associated with the causes of varying categories of the homeless did correspond to the spatial distribution of residential origins of the homeless. The spatial distribution statistics indicate that the differences are statistically significant. The use of hot spot analyses reveal the differences in the spatial distribution of the prior addresses of varying categories of the homeless including by gender, family status, the occurrence of ADM problem and chronicity. Data for this study was obtained through the 2005 point-in-time homelessness survey in Miami-Dade County, Florida. The study categorizes homeless people based on gender, family status, the occurrence of alcohol, drug and mental health (ADM) problem, chronicity and veteran status. This study investigates the spatial distribution of residential origins of the varying categories of homeless and the factors that contribute to the vulnerability of individuals to become homeless. There has been no such study to date to investigate the residential origin of the varying categories of homeless.
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